Lock for doors and the like



De. 5, 1950 F. P. FERNANDEZ 2,532,399

LOCK FOR DOORS AND THE LIKE Filed April 17, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 IILEE- E Ila- 5 (DE/AD M4470 P020 FfAA/AA/DFZ Dec. 5, 1950 F. P. FERNANDEZLOCK FOR DOORS AND THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 1'7, 1946 I ll?5 l "FORTH/V1470 P020 FFR/V/l/VDEZ Dec. 5, 1950 F. P. FERNANDEZ LOCK FORDOORS AND THE LIKE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 17, 1946 0 Q g 8 o 0/////Wu 1. g u y T. Z a ma m w 5 Dec. 5, 1950 F. P. FERNANDEZ- 2,532,399

LOCK FOR DOORS AND THE LIKE Filed April 17, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 1112.1%

'I'I'III 70/1 14 70 P020 FER/I AA/QFZ Dec. 5, 1950 F. P. FERNANDEZ2,532,399

LOOK FOR DOORS AND THE LIKE Filed April 17, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 11:-.E 1 1:?- 3 El 5/ (D (D 70 m (D K21 E 9" 3Z /6C9 L: 629 W" H.

70 Ira-.52 Fii Li? .im 6 fl alia v: i 6 75/1; '5

Patented Dec. 5, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOOK FOR DOORS AND THELIKE Fortunato Pozo Fernandez, Madrid, Spain Application April 17, 1946,Serial No. 662,662

4 Claims. (01. 292-166) My invention 1 relates to new and usefulimprovements in locks, and more particularly to a lock of the typewherein rotary handles are eliminated, the primary object of theinvention being to provide a lock of the character mentioned, which uponthe pushing of a, button will enable the door or the like to be opened.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of a lock ofthe character mentioned which is capable of being applied to a door andoperable, by the pushing of a button, from either side.

A still further object resides in the provision of a lock which is notonly operable by the pushing of a button from either side, but which iscapable also of being secured in position with key.

Still another object resides in providing a lock of the charactermentioned which is simple and durable in construction, inexpensive tomanufacture and one that will be very efiicient and useful in operation.

With these and numerous other objects in view, my invention consists innovel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts aswill be hereinafter referred to, and more particularly pointed out inthe specification and claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application Figure 1is an edge elevation of an automobile door having a lock designed inaccordance with my invention applied thereto.

Figure 2 is a side elevation looking in the direction of the arrow Aindicated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but looking in the direction ofthe arrow B.

Figure 4 is a view in side elevation similar to Figure 1, but with thefront face plate removed in order to disclose the interior construction.

Figure 5 is a section view taken substantially on line 55 of Figure 7.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section on line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 1--1 of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view taken on Figure 12 is a horizontalsection taken on line l2-l 2 of Figure 9.

Figure 13 is a horizontal section taken substantially on line l3! 3 ofFigure 16.

Figure 14 is a view similar to view 13, but showing the key inserted inthe cylinder and given a turn of degrees in order to dispose the pin onthe extreme end of the cylinder in such a posi-- tion that the inwardmovement of the latch bolt is broken.

Figure 15 is a fragmentary sectional view showing how the inwardmovement of the latch bolt is now broken by virtue of the fact that athreaded bolt has been moved inwardly in the direction of the arrow.

Figure 16 is a vertical section taken on line 16-45 of Figure 13.

Figure 17 is a section View taken substantially on line ll-il of Figure13. The pin on the extreme end of the-locking cylinder is now disposedin a longitudinally extended recess in the latch bolt and thus permitsinward movement of the latch bolt.

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 17 but showing the pin on the endof the locking cylinder disposed toward the rear face of the latch boltthus preventing an inward movement of the latch bolt. When observingFigures 17 and 18, it will be noted that the two positions shown by thelocking cylinder are the only ones possible. In

' other words, the locking cylinder has been given a turn in order toshift the locking pin from its position in the recess of the latch bolt,to a position where it abuts the rear face of the latch bolt. It willalso be noted that a small pin projecting from the locking cylindertravels in a groove in a portion or" the cylinder casing and thus themovement of the cylinder by means of the key is definitely limited.

Figure 18A is a fragmentary perspective view of the key in operatingposition of the lock removed.

Figure 19 is a. side elevation of the housing which accommodates thesliding movement of the latch bolt.

Figure 20 is a horizontal section taken on line 2t!--2i! of Figure 19.

Figure 21 is a vertical section taken on line 2P4! of Figure 19.

Figure 22 is a side elevation of the latch bolt the door associated witha spring pressed button in order to assist the opening of the door afterthe latch bolt has been released.

Figure 25 is a side elevation of the spring pressed button for assistingin opening the door after it has been freed from the confining latchbolt.

Figure 26 is a section view thereof.

Figures 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 and 32 disclose a modification of my look.This lock is clearly simplified. and likely to be used on refrigeratorsand similar appliances.

Figure 27 more particularly shows a transverse horizontal sectionshowing a modification of my improved lock,

Figure 28 is a front elevation on enlarged scale.

Figure 29 is an edge View thereof.

Figure 30 is a similar view to Figure 29, but showing the face plateremoved in order to disclose the interior construction.

Figure 31 is a central vertical longitudinal section taken on line 3i--8i of Figure 33.

Figure 32 a horizontal section taken on an enlarged scale on line 1-l232of Figure 29 and showing the association of the lock bolt with itscoacting keeper.

My invention is particularly adapted to use in connection with doors ofautomobiles wherein difiiculties have been encountered with theoperating handles. Handles on au oinobile doors frequently become looseor distorted, causing rattles, and often are difficult to operate.Again, handles on automobile doors have become engaged with garments ofthe riders causing damage. My invention contempiates the elimination ofdoor handles. While, as stated, the lock covered in this application isparticularly adapted for use in connection wit automobile doors, it isalso equally adapted for use in connection with refrigerators or othercontainers having doors thereon with looks or latches ordinarilyrequiring operating handles and, as shown in Figures 27 to 32,inclusive, I have shown application to use of a lock on a door of acontainer, with the basic principles of the improved look similar tothat in the lock applicable to automobile doors.

In referring to the drawings, forming a part of this application, thenumeral i designates the door of an automobile, hingedly mounted on thebody 15 thereof. My improved lock is ap plied to the door so that thelatch bolt 3 thereof projects from the edge of the door and is adaptedto be retained in the keeper 3 of the body, as best illustrated inFigure 2a of the drawings. The important features of my lock obviouslyinvolve the actuation of this latch bolt 3 without the use of rotatingdoor handles.

This latch bolt is reciprocally mounted in a shell or housing i, whichhousing or shell is mounted removably, as shown at 5 to one wall of thecasing The outer end of this shell or housing through which the latchbolt 3 operates registers with an opening I in a cover plate 8 fittedover one side of the housing a and covers the edge of the door I, asclearly shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, whereby said latch bolt mayproject through said plate 8 and engage the keeper 3 as the door ismoved to its closed position. This plate a is secured in position to thecasing i: by means of the screws 9 and said plate is further secured tothe edge of the door i by means of the screws it.

The latch bolt 3 has mounted therein for projection outwardly from thetop and bottom face thereof, adjacent the inner end thereof, the pins H,which project through slots 52 formed in the top and bottom walls of theshell or housing 5. The inner end of the bolt 3 a socket [3 formedtherein in which is dispose-.. a coil spring M, the innermost end of thecoil spring being mounted against the one side wal of the casing Q. Apin it projecting from the last mentioned wall of the casing is extendedthrough the coil spring to act as a g ide or anchor therefor. Obviouslythe coil spring has a tendency to normally force the latch bolt to itsextended position, shown in Fi ure 8 of the drawings, the pins iioperating in the slots 12 of the housing 5' acting as a means of lnitation for the outward movement sai" bolt. In Figure 10, I have shownthe positioi bolt 3 and its adjunctive parts when said bolt is moved toa retracted position against the tension of the spring Hi.

As stated heretofore, my improved lock is particularly applicable to usein an automobile door Which naturally is to be opened from within aswell as from without the body. I have provided specific means foraccomplishing this desired end with push buttons or the like. To thisend, 1 provide on the inner faces of the front and rear walls of thecasing 6 the pairs of bearings It and ll, the former being mounted onthe inner face of the front wall of said casing and the latter beingmounted on the inner face of the rear wall of said casing. Rotatabiymounted in the bearings I6 is a bar 18 which has a pair of spacedlaterally extending arms if), somewhat curved and adapted to normallyrest upon the projecting mm H carried on the latch bolt 3. The upper endof the bar is is bent angularly rearward to form a lever 2'6, and thefree end thereof is curved laterally, as shown at 21. The rear wall ofthe casing B has an opening formed therein around which is fitted acylindrical housing "22 which receives therein the head 23 of a plunger24. This head 23 is in the form of a push button and normally projectsbeyond the inner face of the door i, as shown in Figures 1, 4 and 5. Theinnermost end of the plunger '25 is provided with a cap 25 which isadapted to contact with the laterally extending lever 26 of therotatable bar t8. Under normal conditions, the bolt 3 in its extendedposition under action of the spring i3 will cause, through contact ofthe pins H with the arms ill, the bar it to be rotated to a position, asshown in Figures '4 and 5, so that the laterally bent end 2"! of thelever 29 will force the plunger 2 outwardly and the head 23 to itsextended position. Upon the pressure inwardly of the h ad or button 23,as shown in Figure 9, the cap 25 on the plunger 24 will cause a rotationof the bar it correspondingly forcing the arms it to act on the pins Hso as to retract the bolt 3 to a position, as shown in Figures 9 and 10.Thus, it will be seen that the latch bolt ma be readily retracted fromWithin the automobile by pressure on "the button or head 23.

As stated, I have provided for the ready opening of the door from theoutside. From this end, 'I have provided a second oscillating bar 25which is mounted for rotation in the bearings IT. This bar 26 whichextends vertically in parallelism with the bar it is also provided withlaterally extending somewhat curved arms 2i which normally rest alsoupon the projecting pins ll of the latch bolt 3. These arms '27 of thebar 23 are shown disposed between arms IQ of the bar H3 and the housing4 of the latch bolt and in spaced relation to the arms l9. The lower endof the oscillating bar 23 is bent angularly to form a lever 23, and theextreme end of said bent portion is laterally bent as shown at 29, andnormally contacts with the cap or inner head 30 of a plunger 3| havingan outer button-like head 32. This plunger with its cap and head issimilar to the push button type plunger previously described andoperates in the same man ner, except that the head 32 projects throughthe front wall of the casing 6 beyond the front wall of the door A frontplate 33 is applied to the front face of the door and secured to thecasing 3, said latter plate being also provided with an opening 34registering with the plunger opening in the front wall of the casing (iso as to receive therethrough the head of the plunger or push button 32.From this construction, it will be seen that in the normally extendedposition of the latch bolt 3, the pins thereof contacting with the arms21 of the bar 25 will cause rotation of the latter to a position, asshown in Figures 4 and 5, which forces the plunger 3| outwardly and thebutton or head 32 to its extended position. When the button 23 is movedinwardly, as shown in Figure 9 of the drawings, such action, even thoughretracting the bolt 3, will not aiTect the bar 26 or the button 32.However, when the button 32 is forced inwardly from the outside of thedoor, the corresponding rotation of the bar 25 will so act on the arms21 to cause retraction of the latch bolt 3, but such retraction of thebolt from the outside of the door will not affect the bar l8 and thepush button head 23. In other words, the latch bolt 3 may be actuatedindependently from the inside or from the outside of the door and theoperation from the one side will not afiect the elements to be operatedfrom the other side.

Obviously, when the latch bolt 3 is retracted by the pushing of buttons23 or 32, the door is in position to be opened. Since this type of lockcontemplates elimination of handles, I have provided means forautomatically opening the door upon the retraction of the bolt. To thisend, the body 2 of the automobile or other structure, at the edge of thedoorway adjacent the hinged end of the door I is provided with acylindrical socket in which is mounted a cylindrical member 35. Theinner end of this cylindrical member is threaded and has engagedtherewith a threaded block 33 forming a base for the member. This memberis hollow and has a head 31 thereon which is provided with an opening 39and projecting through the opening 33 is a hollow stud 39, the outer endof which is closed and the inner end of which is formed with an annularflange 40 adapted to engage the inner face of the head 31. Interposedbetween the threaded block 35 and the closed end of the stud 39 is acoil spring 4| so that said stud 39 is normally held in a projectedposition, as shown in Figure 26. With this spring held stud mounted inthe edge of the doorway at the hinged end of the door, as shown inFigure 24, it is apparent that upon the retraction of the latch bolt 3,said spring stud 39 will cause the door I to be slightly sprung open. Itthen may be opened to its full position for entry and exit of passengersto and from the automobile.

I have provided means for looking or securing the latch bolt 3 in itseffective latched or looking position, such means operating from eitherthe inner or outer sides of the door I. Considering first the means forlocking the latch bolt, from the inner side of the door, the rear wallof the casing 6 is provided with a threaded opening through which passesa threaded bolt 4|, the outer end of which is provided with a knurledhead 42. The adjacent wall of the housing 4 in which the latch bolt 3operates is provided with an opening 43 which is in alignment with theopening 40, so that upon turning the head 42 clockwise,the bolt 4| maybe projected through the opening 43, as shown in Figure 15 of thedrawings. In such position, it will be seen that the end of the bolt 4|is in the rear of the inner most end of the bolt 3 and said bolt may notunder such conditions be retracted by pressur on either of the pushbutton heads 23 or 32. Thus, it will be seen that the latch bolt may belocked or secured in its effective latching or looking position fromwithin the automobile or other structure. By withdrawin the threadedbolt 4| to a position, as shown in Figure 13, it is apparent that thebolt 3 may be retracted.

Locking the latch bolt from the outside of the door, as usual, isaccomplished through the medium of a key. In carrying out thisoperation, the front wall of the housing 4 opposite the wall having theopening 43 therein is provided with an opening 44 which is adapted toreceive therein a cylinder 45 carried on the lock 46, which is r0-tatably mounted in the front plate 33 and the front wall of the casing6, as clearly shown in Figures 13, 14 and 16 of the drawings. The lock46 is provided with a key slot 4'! adapted to receive a key 48, whichlatter engages the end of the cylinder 45, although this engagement isnot shown, whereby said cylinder may be rotated by the key. Carried onthe inner end of the cylinder 45 and extended longitudinally thereoffrom an eccentric position thereon is a stud 49, which in the unlockedposition of the latch bolt 3 is located within a slot 59 formed in thefront face of said latch bolt, as clearly shown in Figure 13 of thedrawings. When the stud 49 is disposed within the slot or groove 50 ofthe latch bolt 3, as shown in Figures 13 and 16, it is apparent thatsaid latch bolt may be readily retracted. Upon the turning of the key 48to a position, as shown in Figure 14, the cylinder 45 will be rotated sothat the stud 49 thereof is rearward of the inner end of the latch bolt3 and in a longitudinal plane beyond the longitudinal plane of the slotor groove 50. Thus, said stud 49 will act as :a stop for the inward orretraction movement of the latch bolt 3 thereby locking the latter inits extended or efiective latched position. The rotary movement of thekey 48 and the cylinder 4-5 is controlled by providing the cylinder witha laterally or radially extending stud 5| which operates within a grooveor cut-out portion 52 formed in the inner end of the cylinder lockmember or casing 46. This is best illustrated in Figure 18A, wherein itwill be observed that the stud 5| will abut shoulders formed in themember 45 at the ends of the cut-out portion 52. When the stud 5| is inabutment with one shoulder, the stud 49 may be disposed in the slot orgroove 59 of the latch bolt to allow free retraction of the latter,whereas when the stud 5| is in abutment with the opposite shoulder, saidstud 49 will be rearward of the latch bolt 3 to lock the latter in itsextended position. Thus, it will be seen that the latch bolt may belocked or released from the outside of the door through the medium ofthe key.

I have heretofore described my improved lock" applied to the door of anautomobile or other structure which is adapted to contain humans, sothat actuation of the door from either one side or the other isnecessarily provided. In Figures 27 to 32, inclusive, I have shown aslight modification of my invention wherein the lock is applied to thedoor of a container or device which merely requires actuation from theoutside, as, for example, a refrigerator or the like. To this end, Ihave shown a door 53 applied in the doorway of a structure the doorbeing hinged, as shown at 55, and provided with a latch bolt 56 adaptedto be held in a keeper 57. When the latch bolt is retracted, the door isadapted to be sprung open automatically by means of a door openingdevice 58 operating at the hinged end of the door, said device beingsimilar to that previously described and shown in Figures 25 and 26.

The bolt 56 is slidably mounted in a housing 59, the opposed side wallsof said housing being slotted, as shown at 6G, to receive therethroughthe pins 6! carried by the bolt. Under normal conditions, the latch bolt56 is disposed to its extended position under action of a coil spring 62mounted in the housing 5% and coacting with the bolt 55 in the samemanner as the spring I13 described previously. This particular form oflock employs a front plate 63 which is provided with an opening toreceive therethrough a push button head 64 operating through a casing 85carried on the inner face of said plate 63. The head SL is carried on aplunger 55 having a cap at its inner end, which cap is adapted tocooperate with the end of the angular bent lever 6? of a rod 68. The rod68 .is similar to the rod 26 heretofore described, the same beingoscillatingly mounted in bearings 69, which are carried on the rear wallof the casing 19 of this lock. This rod '58 has a pair of laterallyextending arms H formed thereon, which are slightly curved, and undernormal conditions rest upon the pins 63. Obviously, upon pressure on thepush button head 64, the rod 68 will be caused to partially rotate inits bearings 39 which in turn causes the arms 7'! to force the pins inthe same direction against the action of the coil spring 62, therebyretracting the latch bolt 55. Thus, upon one movement of the push buttonits, the latch may be retracted and the door 53 automatically disposedto its open position under action of the spring in the element It isapparent of what great value a lock of this type may be in connectionwith a refrigerator or other container.

From the foregoing description of the construction of my improved lock,the assembly and operation thereof will be readily understood, and itwill be seen that I have provided a simple, inexpensive and efiicientmeans for carrying out the various objects of my invention.

While I have particularly described the elements best adapted to performthe functions set forth, it is apparent that various changes in form,proportion and in the minor details of construction may be resorted to,without dissenting from the spirit or sacrificing any of the principlesof the invention.

What I claim is:

1. In a lock of the class described, a casing, a latch bolt reciprocallymounted therein, a housing for said latch bolt having slots in oppositeside walls thereof, pins extending laterally from opposite sides of saidbolt and projected through said slots of the housing, whereby themovement of the bolt outwardly is limited, spring means normallydirecting said bolt to its extended position with respect to the casing,a rod oscillatingly mounted within said casing substantially parallel tothe pins and having lateral arms thereon contacting the pins on saidbolt, and means manually operable from without said casing to oscillatesaid rod and correspondingly retract said bolt.

2. In a lock of the class described, a casing, a latch bolt reciprocallymounted therein, a housing for said bolt having longitudinal slots inopposite side walls thereof, laterally extending pins on said boltextending from opposite sides thereof and passing through the slots ofsaid housing whereby the movement of said bolt outwardly is limited,spring means normally directing said bolt to its extended position withrespect to the casing, a rod oscillatingly mounted within said casingexternally of the housing and extending longitudinally of the pins, saidrod being provided with lateral arms adapted to rest upon the lateralpins of said bolt, a push button slidable through one wall of saidcasing, and a lever at one end of said oscillating rod engaged by saidpush button, whereupon pressure on the latter will rotate the rod andcause retraction or" said bolt against the action of said spring means.

3. In a lock of the class described, a casing, a latch bolt reciprocallymounted therein, a housing for said bolt having longitudinal slots incpposite side walls thereof, laterally extending pins on said boltprojected through the slots of said housing whereby the movement of saidbolt outwardly is limited, spring means normally directing said bolt toits extended position with respect to the casing, a rod oscillatinglymounted within said casing located externally oi the housing intransversely spaced parallel relation to the pins and provided withlateral arms extending across the lateral pins of said bolt, a pushbutton mounted in the front wall of the casing and slidablelongitudinally on an axis at right angles to the plane of movement ofsaid latch bolt, and means formed at one end of said rod coasting withthe inner end of said push button, whereby pressure on the latter willcause oscillation of said rod and swinging movement of its arms intopressing engagement with the pins to effect retraction of said bolt.

i. In a lock of the class described, a casing, a latch bolt reciprocallymounted therein, a housing for said bolt having longitudinal slots inopposite side walls thereof, laterally extending pins on said boltprojected through the slots of said housing whereby the movement of saidbolt outwardly is limited, spring means normally directing said bolt toits extended position with respect to the casing, a rod oscillatinglymounted within said casing provided with lateral arms adapted to restupon the lateral pins of said bolt, a push button slidable through thefront wall of said casing and having a plunger thereon operable on anaxis at right angles to the plane of move ment of said latch bolt, theone end of said rod being bent laterally to form a lever having the freeend thereof curved for normal contact with the inner end of the plungeron said button, whereby inward pressure on the plunger will swing thelever and cause oscillation of said rod and move the arms into pressingengagement with the pins to cause retraction of said latch bolt againstthe action of the spring means.

FORTUNATO POZO FERNANDEZ.

(References on following page) 9 REFERENCES CITED The followingreferences are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 611,790 Miltier Oct. 4, 1898792,067 McKusick June 13, 1905 Number 10 Name Date Edgar et a1 Feb, 19,1918 Hayer Jan. 1, 1924 Corcoran Apr. 28, 1931 Powell et a1 Jan. 10,1933 Halinka Sept, 29, 1936 Swanson June 15. 1937

